Brief Introduction Top

EDUCATIONAL HISTORY

• Doctor of Philosophy
  University College London, United Kingdom
• Master of Arts
  National University of Singapore
• Bachelor of Arts (First Class, Direct Honours)
  National University of Singapore

UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT APPOINTMENTS

• Oct 2012-Dec 2015
  Vice-Provost (Academic Personnel)
  National University of Singapore
• June 2011-June 2012
  Acting Executive Vice-President (Academic Affairs)
  Yale-NUS College
• Oct 2007-present
  Vice-President (University and Global Relations) 
  National University of Singapore 
• Jan 2008-Dec 2010
  Director, Asia Research Institute 
  National University of Singapore 
• Jan 2004-Dec 2007
  Vice-Provost (Education)
  National University of Singapore 
• Jun 2002-Jun 2003
  Dean, University Scholars Programme
  National University of Singapore 
• Jun 2000-Dec 2003
  Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
  National University of Singapore 
• Oct 1998-Oct 1999
  Assistant Director, Office of Research
  National University of Singapore 
• Jan 1997-June 2000
  Vice-Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
  National University of Singapore 
• June 1995-Jan 1997
  Sub-Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
  National University of Singapore 

INTERNATIONAL FELLOWSHIPS & VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS

• (2009 - 2012) United Nations University, Institute for Advanced Studies, Yokohama, Visiting Professor
• (2007) Department of Geography/Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University
• (2003) Research Fellowship Award, Humanities Research Centre, Australian National University
• (1999 - 2000) Commonwealth Fellowship Award, Visiting Fellow, Department of Geography, University College London
• (1998) Fulbright Fellowship Award, Visiting Scholar, Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley
• (1998) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellowship Award, Visiting Fellow, Institute of Oriental Culture, Tokyo University
• (1997) Visiting Fellow, Department of Geography, University of Melbourne

AWARDS

• (2009 - 2015) Provost’s Chair, National University of Singapore
• (2009) Association of American Geographers Robert Stoddard Award for Distinguished Service (Geography of Religion and Belief Systems)
• (2006) National Day Award (Public Administration Medal - Silver)
• (2006) Honorary Doctor of Science Degree, Loughborough University
• (1997) National University of Singapore – Outstanding University Researcher Award
• (1997) National University of Singapore Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences - Teaching Excellence Award
• (1996) National Book Development Council of Singapore Book Award - Highly Commended for “Portraits of Places: History, Community and Identity in Singapore"
• (1996) National Book Development Council of Singapore Book Award - Commended for “Convent Chronicles: History of a Pioneer Mission School for Girls in Singapore”
• (1993) National University of Singapore Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences - Teaching Excellence Award

Teaching Areas Top

COURSES TAUGHT

• Space, Place and Society
• Cultural Landscapes
• Geography of Gender: Women & Change
• Nature and Society
• Popular Culture in South East Asia
• South East Asia
• Third World Urbanization

SUPERVISIONS

Graduate
• Supervisor: Chen Ningning (2012-present) 
• Supervisor: deDois, Anjeline (2011-present) The Filipino musician diaspora (Doctor of Philosophy)
• Supervisor: Woods, Orlando Sebastian Isambard. (2009 - 2012) Evangelical Christianity in Sri Lanka: The Politics of Growth (Doctor of Philosophy)
• Supervisor: Lee, Deborah Pei Yun. (2008-11) Embedding a Transnational Environmental Faith-Based Organisation: Opportunities and Obstacles in Singapore (Master of Social Sciences)
• Thesis Committee Member: Smith, Monica Ann. (2007-11) Migration, Religion and Identity among Sri Lankan Women in Lebanon (Doctor of Philosophy)
• Supervisor: Moser, Sarah. (2005-08) Performing National Identity in Postcolonial Indonesia (Doctor of Philosophy)
• Supervisor: Wai, Wing Tai. (2003-06) Singaporeans in Shanghai and Sydney: Differential Transnationalism (Master of Social Sciences)
• Supervisor: Goh, Elaine Li Ching. (1999-2001) Singapore Soundscapes: Artreach and the Making of Place (Master of Arts)
• Supervisor: Lim, Irene Lay Peng. (1994-96) The Rhythm of Ink and Brush: The Production, Mediation and Consumption of Meanings in Singapore Landscape Paintings (1996) (Master of Arts)

Undergraduate
• Saravanan s/o Palaniveloo (2012/2013) Bodily Experiences of Religion: Affective Spaces of Trance Rituals
• Lee, Deborah Pei Yun. (2007/2008) The Internet and Christianity: Refiguring Community and Praxis in the Techno-Religious Space
• Wong, Aidan Marc. (2007/2008) Creating the Creative City: Exploring the Cultural Industries in Little India
• Tan, Ee Wah. (2006/2007) The Construction of National Identity in Taiwan
• Sim, Angeline. (2003/2004) Filmic Identities: A Study of Singapore Film
• Chye, Hui Yi. (1998/1999) Negotiating Identities: Singapore Migrants in Australia
• Ho, Serena. (1998/1999) In Search of Permanent Homes: Christian Churches and Cultural Politics of Space
• Seet, Nicholas. (1997/1998) Produce the Local, Consume the Global: The Localization of MTV in Southeast Asia
• Tan, Melissa. (1996/1997) Singapore Students Overseas: A Study of Cultural Adjustments
• Chung, Daniel. (1996/1997) Through Students Eyes: A Study of Identity and Community in Singapore Schools
• Ee, Rodney. (1996/1997) Back to the Future? A Study of Imagined Landscapes in Science Fiction
• Lim, Sock Khian. (1995/1996) Geography and Art: An Exploration of Singapore Landscape Meanings
• Rahmat, Liza. (1995/1996) Pilgrims and Pilgrimages in the Islamic Tradition: A Study of Sacred Sites and Sacred Experiences
• Tan, Rachel. (1994/1995) The Place of Women in Public and Private Domains: A Study of Singaporean Catholics Experiences and Perspectives
• Tay, Lily. (1994/1995) Singapore Revisited: A Study of Landscapes Through Childrens Literature
• Goh, Elaine. (1993/1994) Folktales and Reality: A Study of Landscape Meanings and Social Relations
• Tan, Edmund. (1993/1994) Dark (K)nights in Gotham: The Image of the City in Batman (1939-93)
• Phua, Siew Chye. (1992/1993) Contemporary Music in Singapore: Image, Environment and the Production of Meaning
• Phua, Roy. (1992/1993) Living the Katong Legacy: Culture, Identity and Place in Singapore

Research Interests Top

RESEARCH INTERESTS

• Geographies of religion: religion, place, space, landscape, community, identity
• Cultural economy and cultural policy: geographies of music, comparative Asian cultural policies and cultural industries
• Cultural and heritage landscapes
• Constructions of ‘nation’ and national identity: globalization, migration and renegotiation of identities, landscapes and the construction of ‘nations’
• Constructions of ‘nature’ and environment: culture, religion and environment, urbanization and constructions of nature

FUNDED RESEARCH PROJECTS

• (2011 – 2012) Balancing Spirituality and Secularism: Globalism and Nationalism: The Geographies of Identity, Integration and Citizenship in Schools, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (2007 - 2011) Creative Cities, Creative Economies: The Development of Arts and Culture Industries in Singapore, HK, Taipei and Shanghai, HSS Funds, NUS, P.I.
• (2006) Creative Cities, Creative Economies (Workshop Grant) Asia-Europe Foundation, P.I.
• (2004 - 2006) Housing Reforms and the Emergence of Gated Communities in Shanghai, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (2002 - 2004) Cultural Economies in the Asia-Pacific Region, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (2001 - 2002) Religion and Modernity: Asian Perspectives, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (2001 - 2002) Contested Landscapes, Asian Cities, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (1999 - 2003) Religion and the Construction of Space, Community and Nation in Singapore, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (1997 - 2000) Landscapes and the Construction of a Nation, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (1997 - 2000) The Sociology of Singapore Literature, Academic Research Fund NUS, Collaborator
• (1997 - 1999) Singapore’s Global Reach, Academic Research Fund NUS, Co-P.I.
• (1997 - 1999) Nature in Urban Areas, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (1997 - 1999) Young People and the Environment, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (1995 - 1997) Women’s Organizations in Singapore, Academic Research Fund NUS, Collaborator
• (1991 - 1994) Singapore’s Chinatown: The Duplicity of Landscape, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.
• (1989 - 1990) Landscape Symbolism: Sacred Places in Singapore, Academic Research Fund NUS, P.I.

Other Information Top

KEYNOTE & PLENARY ADDRESSES

· (2011) Keynote Speaker
“China and the re-imagination of Anglo-American cultural geography”, 6th Human Geography Salon, 17 December, Guangzhou, China
· (2011) Keynote Speaker
“Theoretical Perspectives on Cultural and Creative Clusters”, Symposium on Cultural Policy and Urban Redevelopment in Asia, 25 – 26 November 2011, Aoyamagakuin University, Tokyo, Japan.
· (2011) Keynote Speaker
“Creating Urban Spaces for Cultural Heritage and the Arts in Singapore: Balancing Policy-Led Development and Organic Growth, 1st Asian Workshop on Cultural Economics, 27 – 28 November 2011, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.
· (2011) Keynote Speaker
“Women in Higher Education Management: What Difference Can Female Leadership Make?”, The Fifth World Women University Presidents Forum, 4-6 November 2011, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
· (2010) Keynote Speaker
“From precarious labour to precarious economy? Planning for precarity in Singapore’s creative economy”, International Symposium on Inclusive Urban Management through Arts, Osaka, Japan
· (2010) Keynote Speaker
“China and geography in the 21st century: a cultural (geographic) revolution?", China and the Future of Human Geography, Guangzhou, China
· (2010) Plenary Speaker
“Transnational Mobilities and the Making of Creative Cities”, Pacific Worlds in Motion Conference II, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Presented via video) · (2010) Keynote Speaker
"Religion in geography’s subdisciplines: Exploring new frontiers in health and medical geography". Geographies of Religion: A New Dialogue, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
· (2009) Keynote Speaker
“Place/No Place: Spatial Aspects of Urban Asian Religiosity”, The Syracuse Symposium on Light, Syracuse, USA (presented in absentia)
· (2009) Inaugural GORABS Lecture
“Theoretical shifts, global shifts and the changing geographies of religion”, Association of American Geographers 2009, Las Vegas, USA
· (2009) Keynote Speaker
“The Prospect of Bilingual Education in Asia Pacific Universities, The Singapore and NUS Experience”, The 20th Anniversary of Yuan Ze University Forum on Higher Education: “The Prospect of Bilingual Education in Asia Pacific Universities”, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan
· (2008) Plenary Speaker
“Cultural/creative industries in Singapore”, China-ASEAN Creative Industry Forum, Nanning City, China
· (2008) Plenary Speaker
"The making of sustainable creative/cultural space: cultural indigeneity, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability", Artepolis2 – Creative Communities and the Making of Place, International Conference on Urban Culture, Bandung, Indonesia
· (2007) Keynote Speaker
Kong L, “Representing the religious: Nation, community and identity in museums”, Conference on Negotiating Religious Identities, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
· (2007) Keynote Speaker
“Cultural icons and urban development in Asia”, International Conference of Chinese Geographers, Kaoshiung Normal University, Kaoshiung, Taiwan
· (2006) Keynote Speaker
“Towards a publicly relevant geography of religion”, Emerging Geographies of Belief Conference, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
· (2006) Keynote Speaker
“Cultures of quality assurance”, International Conference of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, National University of Singapore, Singapore)
· (2005) Keynote Speaker
“Geography and social relevance”, Rediscovering Geography, 50th Anniversary Conference of the Department of Geography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
· (2004) Plenary Speaker
“Science and Education in an Asian Tiger”, Science Teaching and Research: Which Way Forward for Australian Universities?, Brisbane, Australia
· (2003) Keynote Speaker
“Cultural Industries: Producing Economies, Creating Meanings, Defying Dichotomies”, International Shaw Brothers Conference, Also, the MillerComm Lecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
· (2002) Plenary Speaker
“People, Politics, Policy: The (im)possibilities of Institutional Collaboration”, Remaking Asia Pacific Studies: Knowledge, Power and Pedagogy, University of Hawaii, United States
· (2002) Keynote Speaker
“Culture, Economy, Policy, Place: Refiguring Urban Change”, Culture, Economy and Place: Asia-Pacific Perspectives, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
· (1999) Keynote Speaker
““We're not Asians”: Re-interpreting national identity among Singaporean students in Australia". Alter/Asians: Exploring Asian/Australian Identities, Cultures and Politics in an Age of Crisis, Sydney, Australia

EDITOR/EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERSHIP

• 2012 – Present  
Section Editor, Cultural Geography  
Wiley-AAG International Encyclopedia of Geography 
• 2010 – Present 
Member, Editorial Board, Diversities 
Max-Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity and UNESCO)
• 2010 – Present
Member, International Advisory Board, Journal of Culture and Innovation, Intellect
• 2010 – Present
Member, Editorial Board of the Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, Hamburg University Press
• 2009 – Present
Co-editor, International Handbooks of Human Geography, Springer
• 2009 - Present
ARI-Springer Asia Series (Co-Chief Editor)
• 2009 - Present
Urban Geography, Bellwether
• 2009 - Present
Journal of Sociology, Australian Sociological Association
• 2009 - Present
Dialogues in Human Geography, Sage (Co-Editor)
• 2009 - 2010
Professional Geographer, Association of American Geographers
• 2007 - Present
GeoJournal, Springer
• 2006 - Present
The Creative Economy: International and Chinese Perspectives, Beijing
• 2006 - Present
Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, Taylor & Francis
• 2006 - Present
Social and Cultural Geography, Taylor & Francis (Co-Editor)
• 2006 - Present
Political Geography, Elsevier
• 2004 - Present
Geography of Religion and Belief Systems, Association of American Geographers
• 2003 - Present
Material Religion, Berg, Oxford
• 2003 - Present
Asia-Pacific Viewpoint, Blackwell
• 2002 - Present
Popular Culture and Politics in the Asia Pacific, University of Illinois (Series Advisor)
• 2001 - Present
Journal of Geography in Higher Education, UK
• 2001 - Present
Journal of Geographical Science, Taiwan
• 2001 - Present
Geographical Research (formerly Australian Geographical Studies), Australia
• 2001 - 2010
Children’s Geographies, UK (Commissioning Editor)
• 2000 - Present
Pacific Rim Geographies, Routledge (Co-Editor)
• 1999 - 2003
Environment and Planning A, United Kingdom
• 1999 - 2006
Social and Cultural Geography, United Kingdom
• 1999 - 2003
Progress in Human Geography, United Kingdom
• 1997 - Present
Pacific Rim Geographies: Studies on Contemporary Culture, Environment, Cities and Development, Routledge (Series Editor)
• 1996 - 2000
Hybridity: Journal of Cultures, Texts and Identities, Singapore (Co-editor)
• 1995 - Present
Landscape Research, United Kingdom
• 1995 - Present
Society of Heritage Ecology and Pilgrimages, India
• 1995 - 2003
Geoforum, United Kingdom
• 1993 - 2004
Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography

VISITING COMMITTEE & INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY PANEL MEMBERSHIP

• 2011 – Present
Tertiary Education Quality & Standards Agency, Honorary Auditor
• 2011
International Association of Universities (IAU) Internationalization Strategies Advisory Service to Mykolas Romeris University, Lithuania, Expert Panel Member
• 2010 – 2016
United Nations University Council, Council Member
• 2010 - Present
Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity in Gottingen, Scientific Advisory Board
• 2010 - Present
James Cook University Cairns Institute, International Advisory Board
• 2009 - Present
Murdoch University, Asia Research Centre, International Advisory Panel Member
• 2007
Review Committee for the International Function of University of Auckland, Member
• 2007 - 2010
Chinese University of Hong Kong, External Examiner and Review Committee Member
• 2005
National Taiwan University, Department of Geography, Visiting Committee
• 2000
La-Salle College of the Arts, Faculty of Visual Arts, International Advisory Panel

PUBLIC SERVICE

• 2009 - Present
Public Service Commission, Member
• 2009 - Present
Political Films Consultative Committee, Member
• 2010 - 2012
Ministry of Communications, Information and the Arts (MICA) Arts and Culture Strategic Review Steering Committee, Member
• 2009 - 2010
Lee Kong Chian Research Fellowship Selection Committee, National Library Board, Member
• 2008 - 2012
National Environment Agency, Board Member and Member, Strategy Committee
• 2008 - 2010
Singapore International Foundation, Governor and Member, Audit Committee
• 2007 - 2011
Preservation of Monuments Board, Member and Deputy Chair, Research & Publicity Committee
• 2006 - 2010
National Arts Council Arts Resource Panel, Member
• 2006 - 2010
Conservation Advisory Panel, Member
• 2006
Singapore-India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA), Joint Education Committee, Member
• 2005 - 2010
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Board of Trustees
• 2005 - Present
Loke Cheng Kim Foundation Scholarship Selection Committee, Member
• 2004 - 2010
Stamp Advisory Committee, Chair
• 2004 - 2009
Central Singapore Community Development Council, Councillor
• 2004 - 2007
Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board, Member
• 2003 - 2010
Republic Polytechnic Centre for Culture and Communication Advisory Committee, Member
• 2003 - 2006
National Institute of Education Council, Member
• 2003 – 2006
Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Management Board, Member
• 2002 - 2003
Urban Redevelopment Authority, Urban Redevelopment Authority Identity Plan, Group on Southern Ridges and Urban and Hillside Villages, Subject Group, Chair
• 2002 - 2003
Economic Review Committee, Working Group on Tourism, Member
• 2002 - 2006
National Arts Council Research Panel, Member
• 2002
Ministry of Education, Junior College Curriculum Review Committee
• 2001 - 2003
National Heritage Board, Member
• 2000 - 2003
East Asian Institute Management Board, Member
• 1998 - 2001
SATS Security Services Pte Ltd
• 1997 - 2000
Preservation of Monuments Board, Research and Publicity Committee, Member
• 1997 - 1999
Curriculum Development Institute of Singapore
• 1996 - 1997
Small Kindness Movement Protem Committee, Ministry of Information and the Arts, Member
• 1995 - 2000
Preservation of Monuments Board Working Committee for the Study of Historic Sites under Phase 2C of the Master Plan, Member
• 1993 - 1997
Geography Teachers Association, Executive Committee Member

Academic Publications Top

Refereed Journal Articles

1. Kong, L., (2012, accepted) “Transnational mobilities and the making of creative cities”. Theory, Culture & Society.
2. Kong, L., (2012) “Ambitions of a Global City: Arts, Culture and Creative Economy in “Post-Crisis” Singapore", International Journal of Cultural Policy, 18, no.3: 279-294.
3. Kong, L., (2012) “Improbable art: the creative economy and sustainable cluster development in a Hong Kong industrial district", Eurasian Geography and Economics, 52, no.2: 182-196.
4. Kong, L., (2012), "Conceptualising Cultural and Creative Spaces," Bunkakeizaigaku (Cultural Economics), vol.9, No.1, 12-22.
5. Kong, L., (2012) “No place, new places: death and its rituals in urban Asia”. Urban Studies, Volume 49 Issue 2: 415 – 433. (2011, first published online).
6. Kong, L., (2011) “From precarious labor to precarious economy: planning for precarity in Singapore’s creative economy”, City, Culture & Society, 2, no.2, 55-64.
7. Kong, L., (2010) “China and geography in the 21st century: a cultural (geographic) revolution?" Eurasian Geography and Economics, 51, no. 5: 600-618.
8. Kong, L., (2010) "Global shifts, theoretical shifts: changing geographies of religion". Progress in Human Geography, 34, no. 6: 755-776.
9. Kong, L., (2009) "The making of sustainable creative/cultural space: Cultural indigeneity, social inclusion and environmental sustainability". Geographical Review, 99, no. 1: 1-22.
10. Pow, C. P., and Kong, L., (2007) "Marketing the Chinese dream home: Gated communities and representations of the good life in (post-)socialist Shanghai". Urban Geography, 28, no. 2: 129-159.
11. Kong, L., (2007) "Cultural icons and urban development in Asia: Economic imperative, national identity and global city status". Political Geography, 26, no.4: 383-404.
12. Kong, L., (2007) "Civil religion and the invention of traditions: Constructing 'the Singapore nation' ". Australian Religious Studies Review, 20, no. 1: 77-93.
13. Kong, L., (2007) "Geography's place in higher education in Singapore". Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 31, no. 1: 39-56.
14. Kong, L., (2007) "The promises and prospects of geography in higher education". Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 31, no. 1: 13-18.
15. Wu, H.-L., Jou, S.-C., and Kong, L., (2006) "The development of social and cultural geographies in Taiwan: Knowledge production and social relevance". Social & Cultural Geography, 7, no. 5: 827-845.
16. Kong, L., (2006) "Religion and spaces of technology: Constructing and contesting nation, transnation and place". Environment and Planning A, 38 (Special issue on Geographies and Politics of Transnationalism): 903-918.
17. Kong, L., (2006) "Music and moral geographies: Constructions of 'nation' and identity in Singapore". GeoJournal, 65, no. 1-2: 103-111.
18. Bunnell, T, Kong, L., and Law, L., (2006) "Social and cultural geographies of Southeast Asia". Journal of Geographical Science, no. 40: 1-16. (In Chinese).
19. Kong, L., Gibson, C., Khoo, L. M. and Semple, A.-L. (2006) "Knowledges of the creative economy: Towards a relational geography of diffusion and adaptation in Asia". Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 47, no. 2: 173-194.
20. Kong, L., (2005) "Religious processions: Urban politics and poetics". Temenos: Finnish Journal of Religion, 41, no. 2: 225-249.
21. Bunnell, T, Kong, L., and Law, L., (2005) "Social and cultural geographies of Southeast Asia". Social & Cultural Geography, 6, no. 1: 135-149.
22. Kong, L., (2005) "The sociality of cultural industries: Hong Kong's cultural policy and film industry". International Journal of Cultural Policy, 11, no. 1: 61-76.
23. Kong, L., (2005) "Religious schools: For spirit, (f)or nation". Environment and Planning D-Society & Space, 23, no. 4: 615-631.
24. Gibson, C., and Kong, L., (2005) "Cultural economy: A critical review". Progress in Human Geography, 29, no. 5: 1-21.
25. Kong, L., (2005) "Re-presenting the religious: Nation, community and identity in museums". Social and Cultural Geography, 6, no. 4: 495-513.
26. Kong, L., (2004) "Enhancing teaching performance: Managing student feedback exercises". Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 28, no. 3: 363-368.
27. Kong, L., (2004) "Cultural geography: For whom, by whom?". Journal of Cultural Geography, 22, no. 1: 147-150.
28. Kong, L., (2003) "People, politics, policy: The (im)possibilities of institutional collaboration". Environment and Planning A, 35, no. 7: 1143-1150.
29. Kong, L., and Law, B. L., (2002) "Introduction: Contested landscapes, Asian cities". Urban Studies, 39, no. 9: 1503-1512.
30. Kong, L., (2002) "In search of permanent homes: Singapore's "house" churches and the politics of space". Urban Studies, 39, no. 9: 1573-1586.
31. Kong, L., (2001) "Religion and technology: Refiguring place, space, identity and community". Area, 33, no. 4: 404-413.
32. Kong, L., (2001) "Education in the age of the Internet". Environment and Planning A, 33, no. 3: 379-383.
33. Kong, L., (2001) "Mapping "new" geographies of religion: Politics and poetics in modernity". Progress in Human Geography, 25, no. 2: 211-233.
34. Kong, L., (2000) "Culture, economy, policy: Trends and developments". Geoforum, 31, no. 4 (Special Issue on Culture Industries and Cultural Policy): 385-390.
35. Kong, L., (2000) "Cultural policy in Singapore: Negotiating economic and socio-cultural agendas". Geoforum, 31, no. 4 (Special Issue on Culture Industries and Cultural Policy): 409-424.
36. Kong, L. and Chan, J. S., (2000) "Patriarchy and pragmatism: Ideological contradictions in state policies". Asian Studies Review, 24, no. 4: 501-531.
37. Tong, C. K., and Kong, L., (2000) "Religion and modernity: Ritual transformations and the reconstruction of space and time". Social & Cultural Geography, 1, no. 1: 29-44.
38. Yuen, B. K. P., Briffett, C., Kong, L., and Sodhi, N. S., (1999) "Living with nature in Singapore". Planews, 17: 2-5.
39. Kong, L., (1999) "Cemeteries and columbaria, memorials and mausoleums: Narrative and interpretation in the study of deathscapes in geography". Australian Geographical Studies, 37, no. 1: 1-10.
40. Kong, L., (1999) "The invention of heritage: Popular music in Singapore". Asian Studies Review, 23, no. 1: 1-25.
41. Yuen, B. K. P., Kong, L., and Briffett, C., (1999) "Nature and the Singapore resident". GeoJournal, 49 (Special Issue on Urban Development, Planning & Environment in Asia: Challenges for the 21st Century) (1999): 323-331.
42. Sodhi, N. S., Briffett, C., Kong, L., and Yuen, B. K. P., (1999) "Bird use of linear areas of a tropical city: implications for park connector design and management". Landscape and Urban Planning, 45, no. 2-3: 123-130.
43. Kong, L., (1999) "Asian higher education and the politics of identity". Environment and Planning A, 31, no. 9: 1525-1528.
44. Kong, L., (1999) "Globalisation and Singaporean transmigration: Re-imagining and negotiating national identity". Political Geography, 18, no. 5: 563-589.
45. Kong, L., Yuen, B. K. P., Sodhi, N. S., and Briffett, C., (1999) "The construction and experience of nature: Perspectives of urban youths". Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 90, no. 1: 3-16.
46. Briffett, C., Sodhi, N. S., Yuen, B. K. P., and Kong, L., "The potential contribution of the Park Connector Network to sustainable developments in Singapore". Planews, 16, part. Feb. 1998 (1998): 25-33.
47. Kong, L., (1998) "Popular music in Singapore: Exploring local cultures, global resources and regional identities". Space, Society and Geographical Thought, 3: 128-145. (In Japanese).
48. Kong, L., and Tay, L., (1998) "Exalting the past: Nostalgia and the construction of heritage in children's literature". Area, 30, no. 2: 133-143.
49. Kong, L., (1998) "Refocusing on qualitative methods: Problems and prospects for research in a specific Asian setting". Area, 30, no. 1: 79-82.
50. Kong, L., and Tan, R., (1997) "Women in a Catholic world: A case study of Singapore". Asian Profile, 25, no. 6: 473-489.
51. Kong, L., (1997) "Culture and capital in urban change: The constitutive relationship between development imperatives and symbolic values in Singapore's built environment". Asian Geographer, 16, no. 1-2: 89-102.
52. Teo, S. E., and Kong, L., (1997) "Public housing in Singapore: Interpreting 'quality' in the 1990s". Urban Studies, 34, no. 3: 441-452.
53. Kong, L., Yeoh, B. S. A., and Teo, P. C. C., (1997) "The experience of place in old age: A case study of Singapore". Geographical Review, 86, no. 4: 529-549.
54. Kong, L., Yuen, B. K. P., Briffett, C., and Sodhi, N. S., (1997) "Nature and nurture, delight and danger: Urban women's experiences of the natural world". Landscape Research, 22, no. 3: 245-266.
55. Kong, L., (1997) "A 'new' cultural geography? Debates about invention and reinvention". Scottish Geographical Magazine, 113, no. 3: 177-185.
56. Kong, L., (1997) "Popular music in a transnational world: The construction of local identities in Singapore". Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 38, no. 1: 19-36.
57. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1997) "The construction of national identity through the production of spectacle: An analysis of National Day Parades". Political Geography, 16, no. 3: 213-239.
58. Kong, L., (1996) "The commercial face of God: Exploring the nexus between the religious and the material". Geographia Religionum, 10: 123-141.
59. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., (1996) "The notion of place in the construction of history, nostalgia and heritage in Singapore". Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 17, no. 1: 52-65.
60. Kong, L., (1996) "Making 'music at the margins'? A social and cultural analysis of Xinyao in Singapore". Asian Studies Review, 19, no. 3: 99-124.
61. Kong, L., (1996) "Popular music and a "sense of place" in Singapore". Crossroads: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 9, no. 2: 51-77.
62. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1996) "Social constructions of nature in urban Singapore". Southeast Asian Studies, 34, no. 2: 403-423.
63. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., (1996) "Chinatown: The duplicity of landscape". Singapore Architect, 191: 63-70.
64. Kong, L., (1996) "Popular music in Singapore: Exploring local cultures, global resources and regional identities". Environment and Planning D-Society & Space, 14: 273-292.
65. Phua, S. C., and Kong, L., (1996) "Ideology, social commentary and resistance in popular music". Journal of Popular Culture, 30, no. 1: 215-
232.
66. Kong, L., (1995) "Popular music in geographical analyses". Progress in Human Geography, 19, no. 2: 183-198.
67. Kong, L., and Goh, E., (1995) "Folktales and reality: The social construction of race in Chinese tales". Area, 27, no. 3: 261-267.
68. Kong, L., (1995) "Music and cultural politics ideology and resistance in Singapore". Transactions, Institute of British Geographers, 20, no. 4: 447-459.
69. Savage, V. R., and Kong, L., (1994) "Hugh Clifford and Frank Swettenham: Environmental cognition and the Malayan colonial process". Asian Profile, 22, no. 4: 295-309.
70. Kong, L., (1994) "'Environment' as a social concern: Democratising public arenas in Singapore?". Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 9, no. 2 (Special issue on Mass Media: Local and Global Positions): 277-287.
71. Kong, L., Savage, V. R., Saarinen, T., and Maccabe, C., (1994) "Mental maps of the world: The case of Singapore students". Journal of Geography, 93, no. 6: 258-263.
72. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., (1994) "Reading landscape meanings: State constructions and lived experiences in Singapore's Chinatown". Habitat International, 18, no. 4: 17-35.
73. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1994) "Urban conservation in Singapore: A survey of state policies and popular attitudes". Urban Studies, 31, no. 2: 247-265.
74. Squire, S. J., and Kong, L., (1993) "Relocation and research as foreign postgraduates". Area, 25, no. 3: 286-289.
75. Savage, V. R., Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1993) "The human geography of Southeast Asia: An analysis of postwar developments". Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 14, no. 2: 229-251.
76. Kong, L., (1993) "Negotiating conceptions of 'sacred space': A case study of religious buildings in Singapore". Transactions, Institute of British Geographers, 18, no. 3: 342-358.
77. Savage, V. R., and Kong, L., (1993) "Urban constraints, political imperatives: Environmental 'design' in Singapore". Landscape and Urban Planning, 25, no. 1-2: 37-52.
78. Kong, L., (1993) "Ideological hegemony and the political symbolism of religious buildings in Singapore". Environment and Planning D-Society & Space, 11, no. 1: 23-46.
79. Kong, L., (1992) "The sacred and the secular: Exploring contemporary meanings and values for religious buildings in Singapore". Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 20, no. 1: 18-42.
80. Kong, L., (1991) "Spatial trends in mental images: The world view of Singapore students". Asian Geographer, 10, no. 2: 113-128.
81. Kong, L., (1991) "Mental images of foreign places: The view from Singapore". Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 12, no. 1: 44-51.
82. Kong, L., (1990) "Geography and religion: Trends and prospects". Progress in Human Geography, 14, no. 3: 355-371.
83. Kong, L., and Savage, V. R., (1986) "The Malay world in colonial fiction". Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 7, no. 1: 40-52.

Authored Books

1. Kong, L., (2011) Conserving the Past, Creating the Future: Urban Heritage in Singapore, Singapore: Straits Times Press, 260 pp.
2. Kong, L., (2007) Singapore's Hawker Centres, Singapore: Singapore National Printers, 176 pp.
3. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (2003) The Politics of Landscape in Singapore: Constructions of "Nation", Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 254 pp.
4. Winchester, H, Kong, L., and Dunn, K., (2003) Landscapes: Ways of Imagining the World, Harlow: Pearson, 2003, 206 pp.
5. Kong, L., and Chang, T. C., (2001) Joo Chiat: A Living Legacy, Singapore: Editions Didier Millet, 152 pp.
6. Perry, M, Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1997) Singapore: A Developmental City-State, World Cities Series. Chichester: John Wiley, 339 pp.
7. Briffett, C., Kong, L., Yuen, B. K. P., and Sodhi, N. S. (1997), The Planning and Ecology of Park Connector Systems in Urban Areas, Singapore: National University of Singapore, 115 pp.
8. Kong, L., Low, S. A., and Yip, J., (1994) Convent Chronicles: History of a Pioneer Mission School for Girls in Singapore, Singapore: Armour Publishing, 220 pp.

Edited Books

1. Hopkins, P., Kong, L. and Olson, E. eds., (2012) Religion and Place: Landscape, Politics and Piety, Dordrecht: Springer.
2. Kong, L., and O'Connor, J., eds., (2009) Creative Economies, Creative Cities: Asian-European Perspectives, Dordrecht: Springer, 227 pp.
3. Kwok, K. W., Kwa, C. G., Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., eds., (1999) Our Place in Time: Exploring Heritage and Memory in Singapore, Singapore: Singapore Heritage Society, 216 pp.
4. Olds, K., Dicken, P., Kelly, P. F., Kong, L., and Yeung, H. W. C., eds., (1999) Globalisation and the Asia Pacific: Contested Territories, London: Routledge, 293 pp.
5. Savage, V. R., Kong, L., and Neville, W., eds., (1998) The Naga Awakens: Growth and Change in Southeast Asia, Singapore: Times Academic Press, 360 pp.
6. Savage, V. R., and Kong, L., eds., (1997) Environmental Stakes: Myanmar and Agenda 21, Singapore: Hanns Seidel Foundation, 329 pp.
7. Kong, L., Lim, E., and Lian, L. C., eds., (1996) Crossing Borders: A Geographical Field Expedition Guide, Singapore: Geography Teachers' Association, 126 pp.
8. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., eds., (1995) Portraits of Places: History, Community and Identity in Singapore, Singapore: Times Editions, 252 pp.

Special Issues of Journals

1. Kong, L., and Law, L. B., eds., (2002) Urban Studies. 39, no. 9 (Special Issue on Contested Landscapes, Asian Cities). (United Kingdom).
2. Kong, L,, eds., (2001) Hybridity: Journal of Cultures, Texts and Identities. 2 (Special Issue on Asian Popular Culture).
3. Kong, L., eds., (2000) Geoforum. 31 (Special Issue on Culture, Economy, Policy). (United Kingdom).
4. Kong, L., eds., (1994) Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography. 15, no. 2 (Issue Editor) (United Kingdom).
5. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., eds., (1992) Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography. 13, no. 2 (Joint Issue Editors) (United Kingdom)

Refereed Book Chapters

1. Kong, L. (2012, accepted) “Creating urban spaces for culture, heritage and the arts in Singapore: Balancing policy-led development and organic growth”. In The Politics of Urban Cultural Policy: Global Perspectives, ed. C Gordach and D Silver, Routledge.
2. Kong, L., (2012, accepted) “Introduction: Religion and Place: Landscape, Politics and Piety”. In Religion and Place: Landscape, Politics and Piety, ed. Peter Hopkins, Lily Kong and Elizabeth Olson, Springer.
3. Kong, L., (2012, accepted) “Christian evangelizing across national boundaries: technology, cultural capital, and the intellectualization of religion”. In Religion and Place: Landscape, Politics and Piety, ed. Peter Hopkins, Lily Kong and Elizabeth Olson, Springer.
4. Kong, L., and Nair, S., (2012, accepted) "Geographies of religious conversion". In Oxford Handbook of Religious Conversion, ed. Lewis Rambo and Charles Farhidan. Oxford University Press.
5. Kong, L., and Nair, S., (2012) "Home as A Space of Worship". In International Encyclopedia of Housing and Home, Vol.2 ed. Susan J.- Smith, Manja Elsinga, Lorna Fox O'Mahony, Ong Seow Eng, Susan Wachter and Robyn Dowling. Oxford: Elsevier, 394-398.
6. Kong, L., (2012) “City branding”. In Cultural Policy and Governance in a New Metropolitan Age, ed. Helmut K Anheier and Raj Yudhishthir Isar, Cultures and Globalization Series, vol. III. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 87-98.
7. Kong, L., (2012) "试论文化创意空间的意义 (Conceptualising cultural/creative clusters)". In Cultural/Creative Space in Perspective, ed. P Mok. Cheung Kong Centre for Creative Industries. (In Chinese).
8. Kong, L. (2011) ‘Music and cultural politics: ideology and resistance in Singapore’, in Langlois, Tony (ed.) Non-Western Popular Music, Ashgate (Surrey, UK & Burlington, USA), pp.63-75. [Republished from Kong, L. (1995) ‘Music and cultural politics: ideology and resistance in Singapore’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, 20, pp. 447-59.]
9. Kong, L., (2011) "Towards a publicly relevant geography of religion". In Emerging Geographies of Belief, ed. C Brace. 53-73. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
10. Kong, L., (2011) "Sustainable cultural spaces in the global city: cultural clusters in heritage sites, Hong Kong and Singapore". In The New Blackwell Companion to the City, ed. G Bridge and S Watson, 452-462. Blackwell.
11. Kong, L., (2010) "Institutional collaborations: people, politics, policy". In Remaking Area Studies: Teaching and Learning across Asia and the Pacific, ed. T Wesley-Smith and J Goss, 125-140. Honolulu: University of Hawai’I Press, 243 pp. (Modified version of Kong, 2003, published in Environment and Planning A).
12. Kong, L., (2010) "Creative economy, global city: globalizing discourses and the implications for local arts". In Cultural Expression, Creativity and Innovation, ed. Helmut K Anheier and Raj Yudhishthir Isar, 166-175. Cultures and Globalization Series, vol. III. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 488 pp.
13. Gibson, C., and Kong, L., (2009) "Cultural economy: a critical review". In International Perspectives in the Creative Economy (in Chinese), ed. Zhang Xiaoming and M Keane, 74-110. Beijing: Beijing Sunchime Press. (In Chinese). 249 pp. (Translated and reprinted from Progress in Human Geography 29, 5 (2005) pp. 541–561.).
14. Kong, L., (2009) "Musica popular nas Analises Geograficas". In Cinema, Musica e Espaco, ed. RL Correa and Z Rosendahl, 129-175. Rio de Janeiro: Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. (In Portuguese). (This is a translation of Kong, 1995, PIHG).
15. Kong, L., (2009) "Religion/spirituality/faith". In International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, ed. Rob Kitchin and Nigel Thrift, 324-328. Social and Cultural Geography, vol. 9. Oxford: Elsevier. 8,250 pp.
16. Kong, L., (2009) "Situating Muslim geographies". In Muslims in Britain: Race, Place and Identities, ed. Peter Hopkins and Richard Gale, 171-192. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 236 pp.
17. Kong, L., (2009) "Singapore "missions": Local heritage sites in a global era". In Global Cities/Local Sites, ed. W Straw and D Tallack. Melbourne: Melbourne University Publishing. (http://www.u21onlinebooks.com/ [an e-book]). 18. Kong, L., (2009) "Beyond networks and relations: Towards rethinking creative cluster theory". In Creative Economies, Creative Cities: Asian-European Perspectives, ed. L Kong and J O'Connor, 61-75. Dordrecht: Springer, 227 pp.
19. O'Connor, J., and Kong, L., (2009) "Introduction". In Creative Economies, Creative Cities: Asian-European Perspectives, 1-5. Dordrecht: Springer. 227 pp.
20. Kong, L., (2008) "Religious processions: Urban politics and poetics". In Religious Diversity in Singapore, ed. A E Lai, 298-319. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 750 pp.
21. Kong, L., (2008) "Power and prestige". In The Sage Companion to the City, ed. T Hall, P Hubbard and J Short, 13-27. London and Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. 398 pp.
22. Kong, L., (2008) "Shaw cinema enterprise and understanding cultural industries". In Forever China: The Shaw Brothers and Diasporic Cinema, 1st ed., ed. P Fu, 27-56. Champaign: University of Illinois Press. 280 pp.
23. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., (2008) "Reading landscape meanings: State constructions and lived experiences in Singapore's Chinatown". In Development: Critical Essays in Human Geography, ed. Stuart Corbridge, 239-260. Burlington: Ashgate.
24. Wu, H.-L., Jou, S.-C., and Kong, L., (2007) "The development of social and cultural geographies in Taiwan: Knowledge production and social relevance". In Mapping Worlds: International Perspectives on Social and Cultural Geographies, ed. R Kitchin, 325-344. London: Routledge, 384 pp.
25. Bunnell, T., Kong, L., and Law, L., (2007) "Social and cultural geographies of South-east Asia". In Mapping Worlds: International Perspectives on Social and Cultural Geographies, ed. R Kitchin, 131-146. London: Routledge, 384 pp.
26. Kong, L., (2006) "The politics and poetics of religion: Hindu processions and urban conflicts". In Negotiating Urban Conflicts: Interaction, Space and Control, ed. L Berkling, S Frank, L Frers, M Low, L Meier, S Streets and S Stoetzer, 85-98. Bielefeld: Transcript: Verlag, 200 pp.
27. Kong, L., (2006) "Preserved and conserved places". In Companion Encyclopedia of Geography, ed. I Douglas, R Huggett and C Perkins, 407-419. London: Routledge, 645 pp.
28. Kong, L., (2004) "Religious landscapes". In A Companion to Cultural Geography, ed. J Duncan, N Johnson and R Schein, 365-381. Oxford: Blackwell.
29. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (2003) "Nation, ethnicity and identity: Singapore and the dynamics and discourses of Chinese migration". In The Chinese Diaspora: Space, Place, Mobility, and Identity, ed. L Ma and C Cartier, 193-220. Lanham, MA: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
30. Kong, L., and Tong, C. K., (2002) "Believing and belonging: Religion in Singapore". In Past Times: A Social History of Singapore, ed. C K Tong and K B Chan, 165-97. Singapore: Times International Publishing, 2002.
31. Kong, L., and Yee, S. O., (2002) "Singapore". In Young People and the Environment: An Asia-Pacific Perspective, ed. J Fien, H Sykes and D Yencken, 79-92. Dordecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
32. Kong, L., (2002) "Cultural economy and cultural policy: Refiguring urban change". In Culture, Economy and Place: Asia-Pacific Perspectives, ed. Won Bae Kim and Jae Yoon Yoo, 11-30. Anyang: Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements.
33. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (2001) "The construction of national identity through the production of ritual and spectacle: An Analysis of National Day parades in Singapore". In Singapore, ed. G Rodan, 375-402. The International Library of Social Change in Asia Pacific, ed. J Clammer. Aldershot: Ashgate (Republished).
34. Savage, V. R., Huang, S. S. L., Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (2001) "Global environmental change: The Singapore response". In Urban Sustainability in the Context of Global Change Towards Promoting Healthy and Green Cities, ed. RB Singh, 1-16. Enfield, New Hemsphire: Science Publishers, Inc.
35. Kong, L., (2001) "Music and cultural politics: Ideology and resistance in Singapore". In Singapore, ed. G Rodan, 361-374. The International Library of Social Change in Asia Pacific, ed. J Clammer. Aldershot: Ashgate. (Republished)
36. Kong, L., (2000) "Nature's dangers, nature's pleasures: Urban children and the natural world". In Children's Geographies, comp. SL Holloway and G Valentine, 257-271. London: Routledge.
37. Kong, L., (2000) "Unity and diversity: South East Asia". In Environment, Education and Society in the Asia-Pacific, ed. D Yencken, J Fien and H Sykes, 113-134. London & New York: Routledge.
38. Kong, L., (2000) "Value conflicts, identity construction and urban change". In A Companion to the City, ed. G Bridge and S Watson, 354-365. Oxford: Blackwell.
39. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (2000) "Identitae und geschichte in stadtlandschaften: Staatliche konstrucktionen und alternative deutungen". In Singapur: Metropole in Waudel, ed. M Kieseling, 130-157. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp-Verlag. (In German).
40. Briffett, C., Sodhi, N. S., Kong, L., and Yuen, B. K. P., (2000) "The Planning and Ecology of Green Corridor Networks in Tropical Urban Settlements: A Case Study". In Nature Conservation, ed. D A Saunders, J L Craig, E M Mattiske. Australia.
41. Kong, L., and Savage, V. R., (1999) "Human geography: Changing approaches and emerging themes". In Singapore Studies II, ed. B H Chua, 98-115. Singapore: Singapore University Press.
42. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., (1999) "The notion of place in the construction of history, nostalgia and heritage". In Our Place in Time: Exploring Heritage and Memory in Singapore, ed. K W Kwok, C G Kwa, L Kong and B S A Yeoh, 132-151. Singapore: Singapore Heritage Society.
43. Kwok, K. W., Kong, L., Kuo, P. K., Kwa, C. G., Lim, W., Tan, B. L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1999) "Introduction - our place in time: A preliminary reflection". In Our Place in Time: Exploring Heritage and Memory in Singapore, ed. K W Kwok, C G Kwa, L Kong and B Yeoh, 1-14. Singapore: Singapore Heritage Society.
44. Kong, L., (1999) "Globalisation, transmigration and the renegotiation of ethnic identity". In Globalisation and the Asia Pacific: Contested Territories, ed. K Olds, P Dicken, PF Kelly, L Kong and H Yeung, 219-237. London: Routledge.
45. Kong, L., (1998) "The invention of heritage: Popular music in Singapore". In Popular Music: Intercultural Interpretations, ed. T Mitsui, 448-460. Kanazawa: Kanazawa University.
46. Kong, L., (1998) "Singapore's changing landscapes". In Singapore: Views on the Urban Landscape, comp. L Jodogne, 14-30. Antwerp: Pandora.
47. Kong, L., (1998) "Inventing cultural heritage in Singapore". In Singapore: Views on the urban landscape, comp. L Jodogne, 114-124. Antwerp: Pandora.
48. Neville, W., Savage, V. R., and Kong, L., (1998) "Naga visions: Reflections and prospects". In The Naga Awakens: Growth and Change in Southeast Asia, ed. VR Savage, L Kong & W Neville, 313-326. Singapore: Times Academic Press.
49. Savage, V. R., Kong, L., and Neville, W., (1998) "The Naga awakens: Political imperatives and economic opportunities in Southeast Asia". In The Naga Awakens: Growth and Change in Southeast Asia, ed. VR Savage, L Kong & W. Neville, 1-28. Singapore: Times Academic Press.
50. Savage, V. R., and Kong, L., (1997) "Environmental crossroads: Myanmar and Agenda 21". In Environmental Stakes: Myanmar and Agenda 21, ed. V. Savage & L. Kong, 1-10. Singapore: Hanns Seidel Foundation.
51. Kong, L., (1996) "Characterising Singapore: An analysis of lyrics in Singapore's English music". In No Finer Time to be Alive? Voices of Singapore's English Music, ed. A Chen and M Ismail, 156-163. Singapore: Simpleman Books.
52. Kong, L., (1996) "Sense of place: The Archipelago". In Indonesian Heritage: The Human Environment, ed. J Rigg, 20-35. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet.
53. Kong, L., and Yeoh, B. S. A., (1995) "The meanings and making of place: Exploring history, community and identity". In Portraits of Places: History, Community and Identity in Singapore, ed. B Yeoh and L Kong, 12-23. Singapore: Times Editions.
54. Kong, L., and Phua, R. Y. K., (1995) "The meaning and making of culture areas: Culture and identity in Katong". In Portraits of Places: History, Community and Identity in Singapore, ed. B Yeoh and L Kong, 116-139. Singapore: Times Editions.
55. Yeoh, B. S. A., and Kong, L., (1995) "Place-making: Collective representations of social life and the built-environment in Tiong Bahru". In Portraits of Places: History, Community and Identity in Singapore, ed. BSA Yeoh & L Kong, 88-117. Singapore: Times Editions.
56. Savage, V. R., and Kong, L., (1995) "Hugh Clifford and Frank Swettenham: Environmental Cognition and the Malayan colonial process". In The Writer as Historical Witness: Studies in Commonwealth Literature, ed. E Thumboo and T Kandiah, 409-425. Singapore: Unipress.